if machine can give correct answers, does that mean it understands?
^behaviourism doesnt care; it wants us to ignore what happens inside (black box type shit)
machine metaphore = comparing human thinking with a machine
can we argue that brain is just input-output? (like behaviourists do) machines lack subjective experience / consciousness does thinking require a body, senses, emotions? can machines be creative, or only recombine what they have seen? (is there always something missing?)
^irrelevant questions (SO WHY ASK THEM??)
relevant: input->output sufficient to describe thinking? (or something, check slides)
open box -> more boxes (memory, problem solving, motivation, knowledge, attention, language etc.)
why open the box then? why important/necessary?
behaviourisme felt too limited (it ignores the mind)
people kept using mental explanations anyway (even if they do not explain anything by them according to skinner)
and because they were useful
computers gave new metaphors
before: the mind was compared with telephonic switchboard
oher fields also added ideas: linguistics (most imporantly, deeply intertwined), philosophy, neuroscience.
together => cognitive revolution
BRO DE HOEVEELHEID AI PLAATJESSSSS AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
rats find their ways in the maze, also without results. ^”mental map”
learning without reinforcemtn (hidden learning)
behaviourism: hours without water -> lever pressing for water
intervening variables
hours without water -> thirst -> lever pressing
mental states actually matter, its not just input-output
cognitive psychology => thoughts, beliefs, reasoning, memory, language (always low => higher mental processing, but no-one knows where to put motivation)
cognitive science => interdisciplinary (psy, bio, neurosc, informatics/cs, phil)
mind as computer
thinking = processing information brain as hardware, mind as software memory plays central role
how information represented? how does mind relate to brain, body, world what about consciousness (cognitive psychology doesn’t deal with it; originally the central thing of psychology, its now philosophy)
eternal sunshine film kijken
3.141592
memory how it workey workey learn -> remember how?
how study? capacity? storage duration? one system? multiple?
either optimize lookup or optimize storage -> according to casper: caching (i sligjtly very much disagree but the analogy holds up if you swap cache for RAM)
classic information processing -> ding van NTL
working memory
- small size, short duration, information decays
- attention is crucial
- improves with age and experience
- strategies help (chunking = expanding effective capacity)