blended learning = online + face-to-face

(met element van controle over time, place, path, pace)

deliberately

online-only (moocs, covid-style meetings) is NOT blended learning

lecture format

(originates as a way to copy books. ‘teacher’ recites the book, students write it down, because mass-copying was not yet possible.)

now more possibilities

students are not solely dependent on lecture format anymore. what’s its added value?

lecture format is outdated, because

• active learning: it does not stimulate active learning/processing of information ^which is needed for learning (consistent with cognitive theories)

• student centered learning: it is centered around the teacher as transmitter of knowledge, rather than the construction of knowledge ^which is needed according to constructivism theories

good teacher helps students become critical thinkers and creative problem solvers

^blended learning yay, because it creates more oppurtunities for learning oppurtunities + students have more active role.

ways to blend learning:

• formal vs informal learning formal is more structured, curriculum based. informal is more self-directed; flexible, students determines own path.

  blend by: formal course + online forums, exercises, videos etc.

• workplace vs classroom learning classroom (in edu inst.) -> theoretical workplace -> real world, practical

  blend by: using e-learnings

• instruction types: …????

rotation model:

• station rotation: online instr -> teacher-led instr. -> collaborative activity

• lab rotation: direct, direct, direct, learning lab (…? how is this different from station rotation?)

• flipped classroom: instead of lecture at school, practise as homework, view the lecture as homework, and practise at school.

• individual rotation: ..? i am very confused. i think just everything on computer, and based on that do some face-to-face thing (being one-on-one, in a group, collaborative, project, activity etc.)

why does it work? (overview by spanjes and graham)

conclusion: improving education is one of the main reasons to implement blended learning.

(possible) advantages:

• online adds more varied/authentic materials
• learners have more control over learning via pace, frequency, place/time
• frequent testing effect (via quizes)
• automated feedback
• promote ‘active learning’ (due to activities)
• combines instr from mult. media ^beneficial for learning (know from research)
• better access (bc less travel etc.)
• potential cost reduction

(possible) disadvantages:

• more time consuming (both students and teachers) ^more time spent outside of classroom + active learning is more difficult, so takes up more time. & more preparing for teachers
• demanding for self-regulated learning (motivation & self-management)
• border between learning and home situation fades
• less social interaction
• cognitive overload(?) ^you have to track multiple sources + combine with face-to-face.
• integration of offline-online materials
• technical difficulties
• worse access (internet & devices cost money)