ict not necessarily good or bad -> usage is key

method more important than medium

implementation hard haha who would have thought

blended learning -> weblectures (hele blok beschikbaar) & werkgroepen ewww msteams

reviews: map of existing literature

methods and statistiscs not relevant

moderators influence strength or direction of effect

learning theories: how people learn instructional design: how to structure and present content technology-enhanced learning: mechanisms of technology on learning technology-enchanced in pratice

behaviourism

learning is behavioural change, shaped by stimuli and responses blank slate, no genetics mind is a black box, we cannot look into it (so who cares) rewards and punishment to enforce behaviour

behaviourism outdated? (blank slate, black box etc) but still everywhere: gamification (kahoot leaderboard, achievements, badges), drill-and-practice, feedback

cognitivism: mental proceses, rather than observable behaviour

cognitive schemas, and integrating new information in those schemas

like a computer, input, processing, output. (just IO devices haha)

information processing model

input -> sensory mem (unattended lost) –(attention)-> short-term mem (unreheased lost) –(encoding and retrieval)-> long term mem

measure via physiology, eye tracking, EEG (breinscan) etc.

constructivism: contextualized, more meaningful in realistic contexts active process, learner does something social activity, together with others emphasis on motivation

authority more shared between students and teachers, so teacher more like support/guide/mentor/facilitator

examples: problem-based learning, inquiry-based learning, challenge-based learning

critique from cognitivists: approach does not work, because too little guidance (^ richard clark, from the media thing)

examples in TEL: computer-supported collaborative learning (aka google docs) experience “real-world” settings, but in controlled/safe environment (aka vr/ar)

lta: aligning principles with learning theories and tools examples: behaviourism - feedback, cognitivism - prior knowledge actv, constructivism - collab

much overlap between cognivism, constructivism

also other learning theories, but less relevant

stakeholders:

!!check slides

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